Some Features Relating to Application of Heat Pumps and Electric Heating in District Heating Systems
Abstract
In order to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in heat supply systems, a number of European Union member countries have legislated the requirement for the mandatory use of heat pumps. Currently, the feasibility of using electric heating and heat pumps in the heat supply systems of apartment buildings in large cities of the Russian Federation, including Moscow, is being actively discussed.
In using heat pumps in the heat and hot water supply (HWS) systems of apartment buildings, the quality and reliability of these domestic services shall comply with the requirements for a district heating and HWS system.
Calculations were carried out, the results of which have shown that in the power systems of Moscow and the Moscow region, the replacement of district heating systems by heat pumps and/or electric heating in the zone of efficient heat supply from combined heat and power plants leads to an increase in fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions rather than to their reduction. The use of heat pumps and electric heating requires an increase in the installed electrical capacity of the operating generating equipment of power plants.
The minimal fuel consumption for the generation of electricity and heat is obtained for the case of using district heating systems. The case of shifting a part of heat load from the combined heat and power plant to electric heating sources corresponds to the maximum fuel consumption. The fuel consumption in the case of shifting a part of heat load to heat pumps is less efficient in comparison with the efficiency indicators of a district heating system, but has efficiency indicators better than those in the case of using electric heating.
In the power systems of EU member countries, in which a district heating system based on combined electricity and heat generation has not received wide-scale use, the replacement of electric heating systems by heat pumps is an energy saving measure that leads to a reduction in electricity consumption and greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere.
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Для цитирования: Белобородов С.С., Гашо Е.Г., Ненашев А.В. Особенности применения тепловых насосов и электроотопления в системах централизованного теплоснабжения // Вестник МЭИ. 2024. № 2. С. 101—109. DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2024-2-101-109
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For citation: Beloborodov S.S., Gasho E.G., Nenashev A.V. Some Features Relating to Application of Heat Pumps and Electric Heating in District Heating Systems. Bulletin of MPEI. 2024;2:101—109. (in Russian). DOI: 10.24160/1993-6982-2024-2-101-109
